VegNet Vol. 13, No. 23. October 19, 2006
Ohio State University Extension Vegetable Crops
On the WEB at:  http://vegnet.osu.edu
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In This Issue

1. Vegetable & Fruit Insecticide Update for 2006/2007

2. Your Winter Outlook

Vegetable & Fruit Insecticide Update for 2006/2007

Celeste Welty, Extension Entomologist, Ohio State University

New generic products:

• Alias 2F (from MANA/Makhteshim), Couraze 2F (from Cheminova), Agrisolutions Advise 2FL (from Agriliance), Agristar Macho 2FL (from Albaugh), Nuprid 2F (from Nufarm), and Imida E-AG 2F (from Etigra) have the same active ingredient (imidacloprid) as Admire 2F (from Bayer).

• Pasada 1.6F (MANA/Makhteshim), Couraze 1.6F (Cheminova), Prey 1.6 (UAP/Loveland), Agristar Impulse 1.6F (Albaugh), Nuprid 1.6F (Nufarm), and Imida E-AG 1.6F (Etigra) have the same active ingredient (imidacloprid) as Provado 1.6F (Bayer).

• Pasada 75WSB and Couraze Solupak 75WP have the same active ingredient (imidacloprid) as Provado 75WSB.

New formulations:

• Assail 30SG: replaces 70WP and 70WSP. Made by Cerexagri.

• Venom 70SG replaces Venom 20SG. Made by Valent.

Registration expanded to additional crops:

• Danitol 2.4EC (fenpropathrin): blueberry, peppers, eggplant, peas, greens. Label initially approved by EPA in Sept 2005 but final label not issued by manufacturer until Sept. 2006. Controls Japanese beetle, other beetles, caterpillars, maggots, stink bugs, spider mites, thrips.

• Entrust 72WP (spinosad): stone fruit, caneberries (May. 2006) for caterpillar control.

• Rimon 0.83EC (novaluron): apples and cabbage and other head and stem Brassica crops (April 2006); had been Ohio 24c registration for apples since Jan. 2005 and potatoes since 2003. An insect growth regulator that acts as a chitin inhibitor; kills caterpillars and suppresses thrips, whiteflies, plant bugs, and stink bugs. Made by Chemtura (formerly Crompton/Uniroyal).

• Proclaim 5SG (emamectin benzoate): pome fruit (April 2006). Controls leafrollers and leafminers; suppresses pear psylla, codling moth, mites.

• Lorsban 75WG (chlorpyrifos): Supplemental label for control of trunk borers in apple (April 2006); 28 day PHI.

• SpinTor 2SC (spinosad): Supplemental label for onion and other bulb veg (March 2006) for suppression of thrips.

• Baythroid 2E (cyfluthrin): leafy vegetables, eggplant, cucurbits, pome fruit, stone fruit, grapes (Nov. 2005). Broad spectrum; controls leafhoppers, caterpillars, bugs, beetles, thrips, leafminers. • Assail 30SG (acetamiprid): potato and other tuber/corm crops (July 2005) for control of aphids, leafhoppers, beetles, and eggs of European corn borer.

Modifications:

• Lannate LV (methomyl): rate modified for fall armyworm, beet armyworm on many veg crops, plus new information about chemigation and resistance management (May 2006).

• Venom 70SG (dinotefuran): Additional pests added: stink bugs, squash bug, harlequin bug, cucumber beetles, grasshoppers on vegetables, and multicolored Asian lady beetle on grapes (April 2006).

• Imidan 70WP (phosmet): new limits per year, and re-entry interval lengthened (now 3 days for apple, pear, peach, 5 days for potato, 14 days for grapes; still 24 hours for blueberry); Jan. 2006.

Cancellations:

• Dimethoate: cancelled on apple, grape, cabbage, collards, spinach, head lettuce (March 2006).

• Guthion 50WP: use not allowed after 30 Sept. 2006 on raspberries, blackberries, peaches, potatoes.

Other pest management items:

• Resistance to pyrethroids is developing in populations of corn earworm (tomato fruitworm). Alternatives for sweet corn are growing Attribute transgenic BT hybrids, or spraying Larvin, SpinTor, or Lannate, or tank mix of pyrethroid plus Larvin, Sevin, or Lannate; for tomatoes, spray Avaunt, Proclaim, Intrepid, or SpinTor.

• Mode of action: The label front page of new insecticide products is now showing a code number for the mode of action group, based on a list by the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC). To avoid resistance, rotate among products from different mode of action groups.

10/6/06

Your Winter Outlook

Below are two views on the upcoming winter weather from NOAA and Accuweather.com. The long range forecast for this past spring and early summer was pretty much right on target and accurately predicted the storminess and heavy rains in parts of northern Ohio. Appropriately named, the private commercial forecast service Accuweather is known for its accurate forecasts. They have a slightly different view on this year’s winter forecast and it will be interesting to see who is closest in the end. Hopefully this information will help you prepare for your late winter, early spring greenhouse needs.

NOAA OUTLOOK CALLS FOR MILD WINTER FOR MOST OF THE NATION

Oct. 10, 2006 — Most of the country will see winter temperatures above normal though slightly cooler than last year's very warm winter, according to the winter weather outlook announced today by NOAA. According to scientists at the NOAA Climate Prediction Center, who produce the outlook, drought conditions also are expected to improve in most areas of the Southwest, while some drought conditions are anticipated in parts of the Pacific Northwest.

The projections, based on the last edition of the U.S. Seasonal Outlook, were issued by NOAA in conjunction with the 2006-2007 Winter Fuels Outlook Conference.

Weak El Niño conditions have developed in the tropical Pacific and are expected to persist through the winter, possibly strengthening during the next few months to an event of moderate strength. However, this event is not expected to reach the magnitude of the very strong 1997-1998 El Niño event.

"The strengthening El Niño event will influence the position and strength of the jet stream over the Pacific Ocean, which in turn will affect winter precipitation and temperature patterns across the country," said Michael Halpert, lead forecaster at the NOAA Climate Prediction Center. "This event is likely to result in fewer cold air outbreaks in the country than would be expected to occur in a typical non-El Niño winter."

The winter outlook reflects a blend of factors associated with weak to moderate strength El Niño events across the central and eastern Pacific Ocean, combined with longer-term trends.

From December through February, the lower 48 states can expect about two percent fewer heating degree days than average but about five to 10 percent more heating degree days than last year's very warm winter. (A heating degree day is used as an indication of fuel consumption. One heating degree day is given for each degree that the daily mean temperature is below 65 degrees.)

Seasonal forecasters also expect warmer than average temperatures across the West, the Southwest, the Plains states, the Midwest, most of the Northeast, and the northern mid-Atlantic, as well as most of Alaska. Near-average temperatures are expected for parts of the Southeast, while below-average temperatures are anticipated for Hawaii. Maine, the southern mid-Atlantic, the Tennessee Valley, and much of Texas have equal chances of warmer, cooler and near-normal temperatures this winter.

The outlook for winter precipitation calls for wetter than average conditions across the Southwest from Southern California to Texas and for Florida and the south Atlantic Coast. Drier than average conditions are expected in the Tennessee Valley, the northern Rockies, the Pacific Northwest and Hawaii. Other regions have equal chances of drier, wetter or near normal precipitation. The pattern of rainfall in the West is expected to improve drought conditions across Arizona and Texas, but result in drought across parts of Idaho, Washington and Oregon.

2006-07 Winter Forecast From Accuweather.com

Updated: Thursday, October 19, 2006 9:03 AM

El Niño To Have an Effect, But How Much?

AccuWeather.com Chief Long-Range Forecaster Joe Bastardi believes that the current El Niño pattern will be one of the factors that determines the nature of the coming winter, but that the government's weather service is overplaying its effects. Unlike the National Weather Service forecast, Bastardi does not see this winter being warmer than normal across the vast majority of the country. Overall, the AccuWeather.com Winter 2006-2007 Forecast calls for a cooler-than-normal winter along the East Coast and eastern Gulf Coast, and a warmer-than-normal winter from the western Great Lakes to the Pacific Northwest.

An El Niño - a cyclical occurrence of warmer-than-normal Pacific waters - can have repercussions on worldwide weather patterns, particularly a strong El Niño, which features water temperatures that are significantly warmer over a broad expanse of tropical ocean. However, Bastardi's research points to an El Niño that will remain at its current weak to moderate level, and may even weaken as the winter progresses. Because of this, a "typical" El Niño winter - such as the one predicted by the National Weather Service last week - that features warmer-than-normal temperatures across much of the U.S. is not as likely to occur.

"We predict that the current El Niño will not be only determinant of this year's winter weather," said Bastardi. "This year's winter will hinge on the timing and interaction of complex meteorological factors that would be overridden by a stronger El Niño that others seem to be expecting."

One of these factors that Bastardi and his team expect to shape the upcoming season is the formation of a high pressure area over Greenland or northeastern Canada. This would force Arctic air down into the Northeast. If this occurs as expected, the Northeast could experience severe, prolonged cold - ten days or more of temperatures averaging five to ten degrees below normal - during the middle to late winter, most likely during the month of January.

"Signs are pointing to the possibility of a rough conclusion to winter for the Northeast," said AccuWeather.com Director of Forecast Operations Ken Reeves. "Examining past years where we see similar patterns to what we expect this winter bears this out. For example, the winter of 1992-1993 was moderate until early February, when it then became colder and snowier, and culminated with a harsh blizzard on March 13. Another of the winters we see a parallel to is 1957-1958, which again began more moderately, and concluded with significantly colder temperatures and major February and March snow storms."

Bastardi sums up his expectations for the upcoming December-to-February period this way: "The eastern U.S. will experience a colder-than-normal winter overall. The area from the eastern and central Great Lakes to the south-central and southwestern U.S. will experience near-normal winter temperatures. The region that stretches from the western Great Lakes to the Pacific Northwest will likely see above-normal temperatures."

Bastardi forecasts a wetter-than-average swath from southern and central California to the southern Plains and Southeast and up the East Coast, because an expected active subtropical jet stream will send storms on a track across the southern U.S. and likely ensure wet weather in the southern tier of the nation. How this moisture times itself with the arrival of colder air will determine how much snow the Northeast can expect, but winter is likely to be snowier than normal in the region - a mainstay of all winters since 2002. Very warm water relative to normal off all coasts provides ample moisture for any storm and, timed with cold air, would lend itself to heavy snowfall in the higher elevations of the Southwest and Southeast, and also the chance for some major coastal storms on the East Coast.

The pattern AccuWeather.com forecasts for the winter could lead to a significant problem next summer: the increased threat of wildfires. "The wetter pattern across the southern half of California and into the Southwest may spell yet another bad season for wildfires next year," said Reeves, "as the vegetation that flourishes this rainy season dies next year under the intense summer sun."